Quality strategy
Value Composite Ranking
Rank on a five-metric cheapness composite instead of any single ratio — no one value metric is reliably “best,” but the average of several is more robust than any of them alone.
~1 year per holding; judge over 3+ yearsBeginner–Intermediate
James O'Shaughnessy — “What Works on Wall Street” (Value Composite / VC2 / Trending Value methodology)